The Complete Overview of How to Take Apart Remington 870
The Remington 870’s design is deceptively simple, but its disassembly follows a logical sequence that prioritizes safety and component integrity. Start by ensuring the firearm is *unloaded*—not just "empty," but physically verified with a visual inspection of the chamber and magazine tube. Remove the magazine tube first; this isn’t just a formality. The tube’s position affects the recoil spring’s tension, and forcing it out while under pressure can snap the spring or bend the tube. Next, the barrel latch pin must be addressed, but here’s where most shooters make their first mistake: assuming it’s as straightforward as pulling it out. It’s not. The pin is secured by a spring-loaded detent, and prying it with a screwdriver risks stripping the recess. Instead, use a *barrel latch pin punch*—a specialized tool designed to engage the pin without damaging the receiver. Once the barrel is free, the real work begins. The bolt assembly, with its rotating chamber and extractor, is the heart of the 870’s operation. Removing it requires dislodging the recoil spring guide rod, which is held in place by a crosspin. This step demands precision: the crosspin is often secured with Loctite or thread-locking compound, and forcing it out with excessive torque can shear the pin or strip the holes. A *crosspin punch* and a *soft-faced hammer* (like brass or nylon) are non-negotiable tools here. The bolt itself will resist removal until the extractor is disengaged—another point where impatience leads to damage. The extractor clip must be carefully pried out with a *plastic or wooden tool* to avoid marring the bolt face.Historical Background and Evolution
The Remington 870 traces its lineage back to 1950, when Remington sought to modernize the pump-action shotgun. Its predecessor, the 870’s design was heavily influenced by the *Remington 17*, but the 870 introduced a more robust action, a rotating chamber system, and a magazine tube that could hold up to six shells. Over the years, the 870 evolved through multiple iterations—from the early *870 Express* to the *870 Police* and *870 Wingmaster*—each refining the original’s mechanics. The *870’s* rotating chamber, for instance, was a departure from earlier fixed-breech designs, allowing for faster follow-up shots and reduced recoil. What makes the 870’s disassembly unique is its *modularity*. Unlike bolt-action rifles, where the action and barrel are often one integrated unit, the 870’s barrel and action are semi-detachable. This was a deliberate design choice to simplify field stripping—critical for hunters and law enforcement who needed quick access to the action without full disassembly. The *recoil spring*, for example, is housed within the receiver and can be removed independently, a feature that set the 870 apart from competitors like the Mossberg 500. Even today, the 870’s design remains largely unchanged in its core mechanics, which is why understanding its teardown is still relevant for modern shooters.Core Mechanisms: How It Works
At its core, the Remington 870 operates on a *pump-action* principle, where the shooter’s manual operation of the forearm cycles the action. However, the *rotating chamber* is what distinguishes it from simpler pump guns. When the forearm is pumped, the bolt rotates 60 degrees to align the chamber with the barrel, then locks into place. This rotation is facilitated by a *chamber stop* and a *bolt lug* system, which ensures the chamber seals properly for pressure. The recoil spring, meanwhile, absorbs the energy from firing and returns the bolt to its forward position, ready for the next cycle. The *barrel latch pin* is another critical component, securing the barrel to the receiver. When the pin is removed, the barrel can pivot slightly, allowing for easy detachment. This pivot is essential during disassembly because it prevents the barrel from binding against the receiver. The *extractor*, though small, plays a pivotal role: it grips the shell rim and pulls it from the chamber during the cycling process. If the extractor is worn or damaged, it can cause misfires or failures to eject—making its inspection during disassembly non-negotiable.Key Benefits and Crucial Impact
Disassembling the Remington 870 isn’t just about cleaning—it’s about *preserving* the firearm’s longevity. A properly maintained 870 can last decades, but only if each component is handled with care. The recoil spring, for instance, loses tension over time, and replacing it is far cheaper than dealing with a seized action. Similarly, the chamber and bolt face wear down from repeated firing, and without regular inspection, corrosion or pitting can turn a reliable shotgun into a liability. The impact of proper disassembly extends beyond the firearm itself: it ensures safety, accuracy, and compliance with legal requirements for firearm maintenance. Many shooters underestimate the *diagnostic value* of a thorough teardown. A jammed action, for example, might trace back to a bent extractor or a worn chamber stop—problems that are invisible until the firearm is disassembled. The Remington 870’s design allows for *modular repairs*: if the recoil spring is faulty, it can be replaced without touching the barrel or bolt. This modularity is a testament to Remington’s engineering foresight and underscores why the 870 remains a benchmark in shotgun design.*"A shotgun is only as reliable as its weakest link—and that link is often the one you ignore until it fails."* — **John "Mad Dog" McHale, Firearms Historian & Competition Shooter**
Major Advantages
- Extended Lifespan: Regular disassembly prevents corrosion in the chamber and bolt face, which are prone to wear from shell residue and moisture.
- Cost Efficiency: Replacing a worn recoil spring or extractor is far cheaper than repairing a seized action or replacing a damaged bolt.
- Diagnostic Clarity: A full teardown reveals issues like pitting in the chamber, bent extractors, or worn chamber stops—problems that can’t be detected externally.
- Legal Compliance: Many jurisdictions require firearms to be maintained in safe, functional condition. Proper disassembly ensures compliance with storage and inspection laws.
- Performance Optimization: A clean, well-lubricated action reduces malfunctions and improves reliability, especially in high-stress environments like hunting or tactical use.
Comparative Analysis
| Remington 870 | Mossberg 500 |
|---|---|
| Rotating chamber system for faster follow-up shots | Fixed breech design, slower cycling |
| Barrel latch pin requires specialized punch for removal | Barrel detent is easier to access with basic tools |
| Recoil spring is modular and replaceable without full disassembly | Recoil spring is integrated into the action, requiring more extensive teardown |
| Extractor is a separate component, prone to wear and replacement | Extractor is often part of the bolt face, reducing maintenance complexity |
Future Trends and Innovations
As firearm technology advances, the Remington 870’s classic design faces both challenges and opportunities. Modern materials, such as *cerakote-coated* components, are becoming standard for corrosion resistance, but they also complicate disassembly—some coatings require special solvents to avoid damaging the finish. Meanwhile, *smart firearms* with electronic firing mechanisms are emerging, but pump-action shotguns like the 870 remain dominant in hunting and tactical applications due to their simplicity and reliability. Future iterations may incorporate *modular barrel systems* for quick changes, but the core mechanics of how to take apart the Remington 870 will likely remain unchanged for decades. One trend worth watching is the rise of *aftermarket upgrade kits* that enhance the 870’s performance without altering its fundamental design. Companies now offer *high-performance recoil springs*, *improved extractors*, and *corrosion-resistant chamber stops*—all of which can be installed during routine disassembly. These upgrades don’t just extend the shotgun’s life; they adapt it to modern shooting demands, from high-recoil loads to extreme environments. For shooters who rely on the 870, staying ahead of these trends means knowing how to disassemble, modify, and reassemble the firearm with precision.
Conclusion
The Remington 870’s enduring legacy isn’t just about its accuracy or stopping power—it’s about its *maintainability*. A shotgun that can be stripped down, inspected, and reassembled with minimal hassle is a shotgun that will outlast its owner. But the key word here is *properly*. Rushing through the process, using the wrong tools, or ignoring warning signs of wear can turn a routine cleaning session into a costly repair job. The steps outlined in this guide—from removing the magazine tube to inspecting the recoil spring—are more than just instructions; they’re a roadmap to preserving one of the most iconic firearms ever made. For those who treat their 870 with the respect it deserves, the rewards are clear: a firearm that performs reliably, lasts for generations, and remains a testament to Remington’s engineering prowess. The next time you reach for your shotgun, remember that the time you spend disassembling it today is the time you’ll save from malfunctions tomorrow.Comprehensive FAQs
Q: What tools are absolutely essential for disassembling a Remington 870?
A: The non-negotiable tools include a barrel latch pin punch, crosspin punch, soft-faced hammer (brass or nylon), plastic or wooden extractor tool, and a screw driver with a magnetic tip for small pins. Avoid metal tools that can mar finishes or strip components. A vise (for securing the receiver) and clean patches are also highly recommended.
Q: Can I use a screwdriver to remove the barrel latch pin if I don’t have a punch?
A: No. A screwdriver risks stripping the recess in the receiver or bending the pin. If you don’t have a punch, consider borrowing one from a gunsmith or investing in a multi-tool kit designed for shotgun disassembly. The risk of damage far outweighs the convenience of improvising.
Q: How often should I disassemble my Remington 870 for cleaning?
A: For active shooters, a full disassembly and deep clean every 500-1,000 rounds is ideal. If the shotgun is stored in a humid environment or used in saltwater (e.g., waterfowl hunting), disassemble and inspect it after every use. Even if the firearm is stored dry, a monthly inspection of the chamber and bolt face can prevent corrosion.
Q: What’s the most common mistake shooters make when taking apart their 870?
A: Forcing components instead of applying steady, controlled pressure. Whether it’s prying the extractor, removing the crosspin, or pulling the barrel, excessive force can strip threads, bend pins, or damage seals. Always work slowly and use the correct tools—patience is more important than speed.
Q: Is it safe to clean the Remington 870 while it’s still assembled?
A: No. Even if the firearm is unloaded, never clean it while assembled. Residue can lodge in the action, and cleaning solvents can damage lubrication points. Always fully disassemble the shotgun before cleaning, paying special attention to the chamber, bolt face, and recoil spring guide rod. Use gun-specific cleaners and avoid harsh abrasives that can scratch critical surfaces.
Q: How do I know if my recoil spring is worn out and needs replacement?
A: Signs of a failing recoil spring include reduced power when cycling the action, a spongy or inconsistent feel when pumping, or visible corrosion on the spring itself. If the spring no longer holds tension or appears stretched, it’s time for a replacement. Always match the new spring to the original specifications (length, gauge, and material) to maintain proper function.
Q: Can I use the same cleaning kit for my Remington 870 as I would for a rifle?
A: No. Shotguns require specialized cleaning kits designed for their larger bores and different chamber configurations. A rifle cleaning rod may not reach the shotgun’s chamber effectively, and shotgun-specific patches and brushes are wider to accommodate the larger shell casings. Always use shotgun-specific solvents and lubricants, as rifle lubricants can be too thin and ineffective for the 870’s heavier components.
